{"id":19863,"date":"2018-05-31T13:06:25","date_gmt":"2018-05-31T18:06:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kaptest.com\/blog\/prep\/?p=19863"},"modified":"2024-04-19T22:35:34","modified_gmt":"2024-04-19T22:35:34","slug":"ap-biology-notes-nervous-systems","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpapp.kaptest.com\/study\/ap-biology\/ap-biology-notes-nervous-systems\/","title":{"rendered":"AP Biology Notes: Cell Communication"},"content":{"rendered":"

\t

\t\t

\nFour Things to Know About Cell Communication<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. There are two major ways animal cells communicate: through signaling molecules secreted by cells and through receptor molecules that rest on the cells\u2019 surfaces.<\/li>\n
  2. Responses to signal transduction (the conversion of an extracellular signal to a change in an intracellular process) may be stimulatory or inhibitory.<\/li>\n
  3. Endocrine signaling refers to the secretion of chemical messengers for widespread distribution throughout the entire organism. Paracrine signaling refers to the process of signaling only nearby cells. Synaptic signaling occurs between a nerve cell and either another nerve cell, a gland cell, or a muscle cell.<\/li>\n
  4. The cells of many tissues contain pores known as gap junctions that allow for direct cell-to-cell communication, which allows for incredibly fast, undisrupted signal transmission across large areas. Plasmodesmata are plant cells\u2019 equivalent of gap junctions.
    \n<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Key Topics–Cell Communication<\/h3>
    <\/div><\/div><\/div>
    \nRemember that the AP Biology exam tests you on the depth of your knowledge, not just your ability to recall facts. While we have provided brief definitions here, you will need to know these terms in even more depth for the AP Biology exam.
    \n

    Neurons<\/h4>
    <\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n