{"id":19980,"date":"2018-06-08T13:22:34","date_gmt":"2018-06-08T18:22:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kaptest.com\/blog\/prep\/?p=19980"},"modified":"2024-04-19T22:33:12","modified_gmt":"2024-04-19T22:33:12","slug":"ap-biology-notes-the-cell-cycle-and-homeostasis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpapp.kaptest.com\/study\/ap-biology\/ap-biology-notes-the-cell-cycle-and-homeostasis\/","title":{"rendered":"AP Biology Notes: The Cell Cycle and Homeostasis"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\nThree Things to Know about the Cell Cycle: <\/strong><\/p>\n

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  1. Interphase consists of three stages: G1 (first gap phase), S (synthesis, in which DNA replication occurs), and G2 (second gap phase). Interphase is followed in somatic cells by mitosis.<\/li>\n
  2. Mitosis is the process in which a cell produces two identical daughter cells. Its stages include prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Cytokinesis occurs immediately following mitosis and refers to the splitting of the cell into two new cells.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Meiosis refers to the process by which sexually reproducing organisms produce sex cells (gametes) with half the chromosomes (haploid) of the rest of the organism\u2019s cells (which are diploid). It consists of two rounds of division, meiosis I and meiosis II, and it results in the creation of four gametes. In sexual reproduction, the male and female gametes join to create a new organism with the normal diploid number of chromosomes.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

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    \nFive Things to Know about Homeostasis:<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    1. Homeostasis is the process by which a stable internal environment is maintained within an organism. Our primary homeostatic organs are the kidneys, liver, large intestine, and skin.<\/li>\n
    2. There are three laws of thermodynamics. Together they discuss the conservation of energy, entropy, and absolute zero.<\/span><\/li>\n
    3. Bioenergetics, or biological thermodynamics, studies how chemical energy is broken down and converted to usable energy within the biological system. This can be at the ecosystem, organismal, or cellular level.<\/span><\/li>\n
    4. Chemiosmosis produces energy from the movement of H+ ions across a membrane down a concentration gradient in both photosynthesis and respiration. Catabolism is the breaking down of complex substances into simple substances, making energy available in the process.<\/span><\/li>\n
    5. Thermoregulation refers to the physiological processes that come together to maintain a stable body temperature in warm-blooded animals.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

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      Key Topics–The Cell Cycle and Homeostasis<\/h3>
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      \nRemember that the AP Biology exam tests you on the depth of your knowledge, not just your ability to recall facts. While we have provided brief definitions here, you will need to know these terms in even more depth for the AP Biology exam.
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      The Cell Cycle: Interphase<\/h4>
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