{"id":19992,"date":"2018-06-08T13:36:12","date_gmt":"2018-06-08T18:36:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kaptest.com\/blog\/prep\/?p=19992"},"modified":"2024-04-19T22:32:01","modified_gmt":"2024-04-19T22:32:01","slug":"ap-biology-notes-molecular-genetics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpapp.kaptest.com\/study\/ap-biology\/ap-biology-notes-molecular-genetics\/","title":{"rendered":"AP Biology Notes: Molecular Genetics"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Six\u00a0Things to Know about the Molecular Genetics:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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  1. Nitrogenous base pairs make up DNA and RNA: adenine pairs with thymine (DNA only) or uracil (RNA only) and cytosine pairs with guanine.<\/li>\n
  2. DNA replication is a semiconservative process, in which one of the antiparallel strands of DNA is preserved and the other strand is newly synthesized. New nucleotides are added in a 5\u2032 to 3\u2032 direction.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. In transcription, the DNA strands separate and mRNA copies one side. The mRNA takes the information to the ribosome, where protein synthesis occurs.<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. In translation, tRNA carries amino acids to the mRNA and assembles them into proteins based on the mRNA code. Proteins are often modified after translation, giving them their final structure.<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. Mutations are the source of genetic change. Types include base-pair substitutions, which affect one amino acid, as well as insertions and deletions, which shift the genetic code and affect many amino acids.<\/span><\/li>\n
  6. Scientists can modify an organism\u2019s DNA by adding new genes.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

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    Key Topics–Molecular Genetics<\/h3>
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    Remember that the AP Biology exam tests you on the depth of your knowledge, not just your ability to recall facts. While we have provided brief definitions here, you will need to know these terms in even more depth for the AP Biology exam.

    Nucleic Acids<\/h4>
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