{"id":22865,"date":"2019-01-19T19:09:40","date_gmt":"2019-01-20T00:09:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kaptest.com\/blog\/prep\/?p=22865"},"modified":"2020-09-11T20:41:50","modified_gmt":"2020-09-11T20:41:50","slug":"ap-human-geography-agriculture-food-production-and-rural-land-use","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wpapp.kaptest.com\/study\/ap-human-geography\/ap-human-geography-agriculture-food-production-and-rural-land-use\/","title":{"rendered":"AP Human Geography: Agriculture, Food Production, and Rural Land Use"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\t<div   class='av_promobox  avia-button-no   avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_heading  avia-builder-el-first '>\t\t<div class='avia-promocontent'><p>\n<strong>Key Takeaways: Agriculture, Food Production, and Rural Land Use<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">There were three agricultural revolutions that changed history. The First Agricultural Revolution was the transition from hunting and gathering to planting and sustaining. The Second Agricultural Revolution increased the productivity of farming through mechanization and access to market areas due to better transportation. The Third Agricultural Revolution involved hybridization and genetic engineering of products and the increased use of pesticides and fertilizers. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are two primary methods of farming in the world. Subsistence farming involves producing agricultural products for use by the farm family. Commercial farming involves the sale of agricultural products off the farm. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Von Thunen\u2019s model of agricultural land use focuses on transportation. The distance and the weight of crops as well as their distance to market affect which ones are grown. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Modern agriculture is becoming more industrialized and more specialized than ever. The loss of the family farm is a direct result of the rise of feedlots and mega-farms used to produce enormous quantities of agricultural commodities. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">To compete with agribusiness in the United States, many family farms are turning to sustainable methods of production, organic agriculture, and catering to the local-food movement. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many of the settlement patterns in the United States have been based on the agricultural possibilities of specific areas. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many of the world\u2019s crop products are dictated by the climate of the regions where they are grown.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\n<\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  style='padding-bottom:10px; ' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h3    avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_promobox  el_before_av_heading  '><h3 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >Agriculture, Food Production, and Rural Land Use Key Terms<\/h3><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' ><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  style='padding-bottom:10px; ' class='av-special-heading av-special-heading-h4    avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_heading  el_before_av_promobox  '><h4 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >A Historical Perspective<\/h4><div class='special-heading-border'><div class='special-heading-inner-border' ><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Farming: <\/b>The methodical cultivation of plants and\/or animals.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hunting and gathering:<\/strong> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The first way humans obtained food. Nomadic groups around the world depended on migratory animals, wild fruit, berries, and roots for sustenance. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Agriculture:<\/strong> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The raising of animals or the growing of crops on tended land to obtain food for primary consumption by a farmer\u2019s family or for sale off the farm. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>First (Neolithic) Agricultural Revolution:<\/strong> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The slow change from hunter and gather societies to more agriculturally based ones through the gradual understanding of seeds, watering, and plant care. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Growing season:<\/strong>\u00a0<span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The period of the year when temperature and rainfall allow for successful farming. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Plant domestication:<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The process by which wild plants are cultivated into productive crops, often with more desirable traits. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Animal domestication:<\/strong> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The process by which wild animals are cultivated into a resource supply for humans, often resulting in physical and behavioral changes (e.g., modern-day dogs having descended from domesticated wolves).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Second Agricultural Revolution:<\/strong> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Coinciding with the Industrial Revolution, the Second Agricultural Revolution used the increased technology from the Industrial Revolution as a means to increase farm productivity through mechanization. This caused exponential population increase. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Third Agricultural (Green) Revolution:<\/strong> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This transformation began in the latter half of the twentieth century and corresponded with exponential population growth around the world. Hybridization, pesticides, and chemical fertilizers were key aspects. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Environmental modification:<\/strong> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The introduction of man-made chemicals and practices that, at times, have drastic effects on native soil and vegetation. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Pesticides:<\/strong> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Any substance that kills pests, especially insects. Can be natural or artificial in origin. Used on farms to protect the crop yield. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Globalized agriculture:<\/strong> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A system of agriculture built on economic and regulatory practices that are global in scope and organization. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Agribusiness:<\/strong> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The mass production of agricultural products; a form of large-scale commercial agriculture.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Biotechnology:<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> A precise science that involves altering the DNA of agricultural products to increase productivity, which has been extremely successful for the most part. Biotech is developed mainly in laboratories and is then tested on farm fields worldwide. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Genetic engineering:<\/strong> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The modification of organisms by directly altering their genetic material. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs):<\/strong> <span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Plants and animals that have been genetically engineered in some way.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Double-cropping:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The growing of two crops per growing season to double the harvest. The Green Revolution popularized fast- growing, high-yield rice strains that made double-cropping more viable. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Triple-cropping:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The growing of three crops per growing season to triple the harvest. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Organic farming:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Farming that uses natural processes and seeds that are not genetically altered. To be certified as organic in the United States, farmers must demonstrate organic methods on a number of different measures. <\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Fourth Agricultural Revolution:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> A movement in which food is both grown and sold locally, and fertilizers and pesticides are minimized or eliminated in favor of pure organic farming.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\t<div   class='av_promobox  avia-button-yes   avia-builder-el-3  el_after_av_heading  el_before_av_sidebar '>\t\t<div class='avia-promocontent'><p>\nCheck out our full Agriculture, Food Production, and Rural Land Use Notes!<\/p>\n<\/div><div  class='avia-button-wrap avia-button-right ' ><a href='https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1CTQqJ-OSX4uJP-Jge-x67RSmHX5LUERpWL-KAdhn82s\/edit'  class='avia-button  avia-color-theme-color   avia-icon_select-no avia-size-large avia-position-right '   ><span class='avia_iconbox_title' >Full Notes<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<div  class='avia-builder-widget-area clearfix  avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_promobox  avia-builder-el-last '><div id=\"custom_html-109\" class=\"widget_text widget clearfix widget_custom_html\"><div class=\"textwidget custom-html-widget\"><\/div><\/div><div id=\"text-80\" class=\"widget clearfix widget_text\">\t\t\t<div class=\"textwidget\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Farming: The methodical cultivation of plants and\/or animals. Hunting and gathering: The first way humans obtained food. Nomadic groups around the world depended on migratory animals, wild fruit, berries, and roots for sustenance. Agriculture: The raising of animals or the growing of crops on tended land to obtain food for primary consumption by a farmer\u2019s [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":28196,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[119],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpapp.kaptest.com\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22865"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpapp.kaptest.com\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpapp.kaptest.com\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpapp.kaptest.com\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpapp.kaptest.com\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22865"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/wpapp.kaptest.com\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22865\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":35374,"href":"https:\/\/wpapp.kaptest.com\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22865\/revisions\/35374"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpapp.kaptest.com\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28196"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wpapp.kaptest.com\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22865"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpapp.kaptest.com\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22865"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wpapp.kaptest.com\/study\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22865"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}